Speech Events, The Script Theory, Moves

Speech Events (cont’d)

Compliment (between opening and first topic/ pre-closings)

Compliment+

Acknowledge (agree, deny, redirect focus)/acceptance/downgrade the compliment+

Bridge

A: What a nice scarf.

B: Oh thanks, it is, isn’t it?/ Thanks but it’s just a little thing

A: Oh I know,

B: So, how have you been?

Scripts (Schank,1977)(Stereotypic event sequnces to meet a goal, there may be many scenes in a script)

Goals:

Script:

Actors (roles):

Props:

Actions:

Script of an Advice

Opening

Participant identification

Problem statement

Symptom negotiation

Diagnosis

Advice

Advice negotiation

Advice acceptance (thanks)

Preclosing

Closing

Script of a Ramadan Visit

Greeting (high pitch)

Welcoming (high pitch)

Seating (high pitch)

Greeting (higher pitch)

Opening (money, children)

Topic Introduction (the silliest topics, laughs)

Topic Extension (insincere, positive)

Serving and Eating

Topic Change (positive:old bayrams) (higher pitch)

Agreeing

Topic Variation (positive: business, children) (higher pitch)

Agreeing

Compliment (highest pitch)

Acknowledge (agree, deny, redirect focus)/acceptance/downgrade the compliment

Preclosing

Closing

Script of an Apology

Illocutionary Force Indicating Device (Word of Apology)

Explanation

Taking/Assuming Responsibility

Offer of Repair

Promise for non-recurrence

Sinclair and Coulthard (1975)

Discourse – Lessons – Transactions – Exchanges – Moves – Acts

Preliminary, medial (concern content), treminal exchanges

Framing Moves (a lesson is ended, new one begins)

Focusing Moves (what is going to happen or has happened)

Opening Moves (get students to participate in the exchange)

Answering Moves

Follow-up Moves

Structuring Moves

Right

Now

What we’ve just done, what we’ve just done is we’ve decided how to define the discourse using the Script Theory and Sinclair and Coulthard’s Theory.

So you see there are different ways of defining discourse, which one did you liked so far?

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Ok, now, decide on if these sentences(moves) above and this particular one that you are reading right now are examples of the moves we’ve just studied.

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